Does CO2 emission Cause Average Life Expectancy in BRIC nations to Decline? Evidence from Granger Causality Test

Abstract

Air pollution not only creates environmental degradation or climate change, rather it also causes serious health issues ranging from respiratory problems to allergies. This makes it a concern for human capital, leading to serious economic consequences. This paper tries to analyse the causality between environmental degradation and health standards. The Granger Causality test has been applied to check the association between CO₂ emission and life expectancy in the BRIC nations. The results found that CO2 emissions and average life expectancy have bidirectional causality. The study recommends that policymakers must focus on reducing CO2 emissions in order to achieve longer life expectancy.